UDC: 373.5:364.632]:343.85(045) PREVENTION OF BULLYING IN GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM
DОІ:https://doi.org/10.51706/2707-3076-2021-4-18
Abstract
The author defines the process of bullying in the system of general secondary education as the suppression of the spiritual fullness of the individual, as a phenomenon of deviant behavior. A number of various scientific researches of domestic and foreign psychologists and pedagogues on the interpretation and definition of bullying were analyzed. The results of social research of world organizations on statistics of the phenomenon of bullying among children in Ukraine were compared. Bullying is defined as a form of aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes harm or inconvenience.On the basis of systematization of definitions of the concept «bullying» the author's understanding of the term «bullying in general secondary education institutions» was formed. Aggression has been found to be common in many children, but it is due to a variety of internal and external causes. Purposeful actions of offenders occur through physical (beating, pushing, damaging things or clothes, limiting the chance to do something or go somewhere, etc.) or verbal actions (oppression, ridicule, mockery,accusation, etc.). The roles of bullying participants were described (offender, victim, witness) and the main features of this process in groups of students were identified (fear, cruelty, insults, scandals, disputes, etc.). The first signs of adolescent bullying are hostility, alienation, secrecy, and so on.The author generalizes the typology of aggression of offenders in primary and secondary school education. Three groups of children were identified for the demonstration of aggressive actions. It was determined that the group type of bullying can exist without the participants themselves being aware of their harmful actions. The author takes notice to one of the types of bullying – cyberbullying, the problem of which is becoming increasingly relevant. The active process of cyberbullying is associated with the dynamic development of digital technologies. Future teachers must learn to recognize and stop the manifestations of bullying, to prevent the emergence of new cases. Therefore, the author has developed recommendations for the implementation of preventive methods to prevent bullying by future teachers in general secondary education institutions during lessons, educational activities and different types of practical trainings.
